Human vitality goes through cycles as essence, or jing, is used and the ability to generate essence declines. This is the aging process, and for women, it happens in 7 year cycles. In TCM, women are seen as yin, corresponding with the odd number 7, which is yang. Men, on the other hand, are seen as yang, corresponding to the even number 8, which is yin. Within the cycles, there is balance in yin and yang. At birth, we receive a certain amount of essence from our parents and obtain essence from ingested food and drink, which is stored in the kidneys to be used by the body. Eventually, the kidney’s essence production comes to an end, and so begins the decline of human vitality. Around the age of 35 for women and 40 for men, jing essence declines. Maintaining this essence comes from proper diet and exercise, not overindulging, meditating, and processing all feelings, especially negative ones like hate, impatience, anger, fear, jealousy, sadness, worry, and mistrust.
Human vitality comprises several interrelated yin/yang vital essences, organs, and meridians that are associated with various functions of the body, and when they are aligned and balanced, the body is healthy. When unbalanced, illness occurs. The 5 vital essences are Qi, Xue (Blood), Jin Ye (Body Fluids), Jing (Essence), and Shen (Spirit). The 5 organs are heart, lung, liver, spleen, and kidney, which produce the 5 vital essences. The 5 meridians, also known as acupuncture meridians or acupoints, are the channels along the body through which the vital essences flow, and acupuncturists use these channels and points to alleviate blockages in the flow of essence.
Qi (Chi): Qi is known as the most basic of the essences and is also known as life force. It travels the meridians throughout the body, and when a blockage occurs, illnesses like fatigue, lowered immunity, poor digestion, breathing problems, stress, and insomnia may occur.
Jing (Essence): Jing essence represents the soul and body of a person, is yin in nature, and is stored in the kidneys. Circulating through 8 major vessels, Jing helps produce semen, menstrual blood, and bone marrow. Jing and Qi work closely together to protect the body from harm, and together form the foundation for Shen (Spirit).
Shen (Spirit): Shen is the yang part of Qi, and regulates emotions. Shen is stored in the heart, is supported by Xue (Blood), and when out of balance could cause various mental illnesses like anxiety and depression, as well as insomnia. Qi, Jing, and Shen are the core vital essences for understanding the human body according to TCM healing practices, and are known together as The Three Treasures. For overall bodily harmony, Xue and Jin Ye are still essential, but are considered subsets of The Three Treasures.
Xue (Blood): Xue is yin in nature, is the liquid life force of the body, and is important for nourishment. The stomach and spleen produce blood, are responsible for circulation, and when blood is deficient, illnesses like anxiety, insomnia, and irritability may occur.
Jin Ye (Body Fluids): Jin Ye translates to body fluids, and is yin in nature. Jin refers to the fluids that nourish skin and muscles, like sweat and tears. Ye refers to thicker liquids like brain and spinal fluid. Jin Ye is produced through food and drink consumption, where it then filters and distributes nutrients throughout the body.
There are many practices people can implement to extend the life of their vital essences as they age, like a proper diet, exercise, and meditation. Foods that help support vitality include soups, fresh herbs, whole grains, organic chicken, root vegetables, squash, dates, and garlic. Gentle exercise is recommended for retention of vital essences, and includes tai chi and qigong. It is important to not overexert, so as to maintain balance. Meditation is important as well, and can be any form that resonates and creates a sense of happiness and calmness in life. How well one responds to these support systems depends on the amount of vital essence they carry, but results can be seen long term. As one ages, so must their practices at supporting their energy (qi).
The Female Cycles:
0 - 6: A woman’s kidney energy becomes strong. These are the years where you develop based on your inherited essence.
7 - 13: Her kidneys are strengthening. This is the Wood phase, and is all about establishing your roots. This time calls into question whether you feel a sense of self, were taught sacred boundaries, and if quality health practices were taught to you.
14 - 20: Menstruation. This phase is characterized by emotions, and the first menstrual cycle. You are learning to understand your body and recognize the pattern of your cycle. Kidney qi reaches equilibrium and teeth are fully formed by 21.
21- 27: Height of physical vitality. These are the Earth years, which are all about feeling secure in oneself, forming platonic and romantic relationships, exploring sexuality, and supporting hormonal health. Your body is at peak condition at 28.
28 - 34: Full Maturity. These are the years of peak vitality. These are the child rearing years and a time to maintain bodily strength. Facial weathering and hair loss begin at 35.
35 - 41: Peri-Menopause. This is the Metal phase of reflection and refinement. Figure out what is working and not working for you. This is also a time to adjust your lifestyle to maintain vitality and slow depletion. The 3 yang channels are depleted, complexion pales, and hair turns white by 42.
49 - 55: Crone & Post-Menopase. This is the Water phase, the age of wisdom. The focus is on the end of menstruating years and shifting the mindset to the acceptance of death. Menstruation ends, physique turns feeble, and conception is no longer possible by 49
The Male Cycles:
0 - 6: A man’s kidney energy becomes strong, his hair develops, and teeth emerge at age 8.
7 -13: His kidney energy is filled with vital energy, and his sperm is viable by age 16.
14 - 20: Sexual Maturity. His kidney energy is developed, his arms and legs are strong, and his teeth are fully developed by age 24.
21 - 27: Peak. His body reaches its peak strength at age 32.
28 - 34: Physical Decline/ is kidney energy begins to decline, his hair falls out, and his teeth weaken by age 40.
35 - 41: Kidney energy continues to decline, yang energy begins to decline, his complexion pales, and his hair turns white by age 48. It is important in this time to maintain healthy habits so as not to accelerate essence depletion.
42 - 49: His liver energy declines due to kidney deficiency, and tendons become tighter by age 56.
50 - 56: Physical and Sexual Exhaustion. His jing is weak, as are his bones and tendons as his body becomes decrepit by age 64.
Though there is no escaping the physiological changes of age, vital essence can be maintained through proper diet, movement, and meditation. The cycles of life are different for everyone, and the response to proper care is different for everyone, but the effects can be felt in time. Acupuncture is another practice that can help the flow of qi and other essences within the body, and can help facilitate well being.
Resources:
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Wang, Chuaxin. “The Five Vital Substances in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)”. Retrieved from https://www.amcollege.edu/blog/five-vital-substances-in-tcm.
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